Machine Vision is the technology to provide imaging-based automatic inspection and analysis for applications such as automatic inspection, process control, and robot guidance, which usually in the industrial environments (manufacturing, semiconductor, etc), with the reference to many different technologies, software and hardware products, integrated systems, actions, methods, and expertise (IIOT and robotics). It also integrates with technologies such as deep learning and machine learning to help businesses to understand data better and optimise the business for higher efficiency.

The basic principle of Machine Vision uses sensors (from standard to 3D cameras), processing hardware and software algorithms to automate complex or mundane visual inspection tasks and guide handling equipment in precision during the product assembly, where applications would include Positioning, Identification, Verification, Measurement, and Flaw Detection. It is also trending within industrial automation environments and more frequently used in other industries like security, food production, packaging, logistics and automotive (like autonomous vehicles).

With the advance of Artificial Intelligence (AI), machine vision employs one or more video cameras, analog-to-digital conversion, and digital signal processing, resulting the data that goes to a computer or robot controller, which is similar in complexity to voice recognition.